Twenty-five tools is not a procurement failure. It is what happens when a program buys correctly for a decade: each purchase solved a real problem, each one was justified at the time, and none of them ever got a scheduled review date.

The number matters because it changes what the next dollar buys. In a five-tool program, a new purchase adds capability. In a thirty-tool program, a new purchase adds capability plus an integration, plus an alert stream somebody has to triage, plus a renewal to negotiate, plus a vendor questionnaire to answer. The marginal cost of the thirty-first tool is not its list price.

That is also why the same survey found the highest spenders reporting the lowest confidence. Sixty percent of respondents spending over twenty-five million dollars still described their budgets as short of what current threats require. Spend and coverage decoupled somewhere, and sprawl is the most defensible explanation on offer.